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SHORT-RUN SUPPLY CURVE: For a perfectly competitive firm, the marginal cost curve that lies above the average variable cost curve. This segment of the marginal cost guides a perfectly competitive firm's profit maximizing production as it equates price to marginal cost. Because the marginal cost curve is positively sloped (due to the law of diminishing marginal returns), each firm's supply curve and the market supply curve are also positively sloped. The law of diminishing marginal returns thus provides an explanation for the law of supply. However, this only works for firms with NO market control. Monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly, with market control, do not achieve the same result.

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Lesson 13: The Firm | Unit 3: Legal Types Page: 12 of 24

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Three legal types of business:
  • Proprietorship A proprietorship is a firm owned and operated by a single person. For a proprietorship the owner IS the firm.

  • Partnership A partnership is a firm owned and operated, more or less equally, by a two or more people. The primary difference between a partnership and a proprietorship is the number of owners.

  • Corporation A corporation is a firm with distinct legal entity, which exists separately from the owners. A corporation can have any number of owners, some have millions of owners.

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BALANCE OF PAYMENTS

A comprehensive set of accounts that tracks the flow of currency and other monetary assets coming in to and going out of a nation. These payments are used for international trade, foreign investments, and other financial activities. The balance of payments is divided into two accounts -- current account (which includes payments for imports, exports, services, and transfers) and capital account (which includes payments for physical and financial assets). A deficit in one account is matched by a surplus in the other account. The balance of trade is only one part of the overall balance of payments set of accounts.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex looking to buy either 500 feet of telephone cable or a package of 4 by 6 index cards, the ones with lines. Be on the lookout for slow moving vehicles with darkened windows.
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Woodrow Wilson's portrait adorned the $100,000 bill that was removed from circulation in 1929. Woodrow Wilson was removed from circulation in 1924.
"We succeed in enterprises (that) demand the positive qualities we possess, but we excel in those (that) can also make use of our defects."

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