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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SECURITIES DEALERS: A stock market in which corporate stocks are exchanged by dealers across the country using a computerized system of stock price quotes. This is often referred to as the "over-the-counter" stock market, because, unlike the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, and others, the dealers don't conduct their business at a single location. They match up their buy and sell orders through a computer network rather than through the face-to-face contact. Transactions conducted by the NASD give rise to one of the more commonly publicized stock market price indicators, the NASDAQ (which stands for National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation). The widely used NASDAQ composite index is based on the prices of 5,000 of these over-the-counter stocks.
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                           VARIABLES: Quantities, usually represented as symbols, that can take on one of a set of values. A variable is "variable" because its value can "vary." A primary goal of economic analysis is to determine the specific value that a variable takes on under specific circumstances. Variables are allowed to vary, to take on different values. Models combine variables in a systematic manner (based on the underlying theory). The basic purpose of a model is then to identify different, specific values for the variables.For example, the two key variables in a market model are price and quantity. Analysis of the market model then identifies specific values for price and quantity. Endogenous and ExogenousIn the analysis of a model, variables generally take one of two forms -- endogenous (or dependent) and exogenous (or independent).- Endogenous: The values of endogenous or dependent variables are identified within the workings of the model. For example, price and quantity are endogenous variables for the market model. Endogenous variables are, in essence, the "output" of the model. Their identification is what the model is all about.
- Exogenous: The values of exogenous or independent variables are established outside the workings of the model. For example, income or the cost of a productive resource are common exogenous variables for the market model. Exogenous variables are the "input" of the model. They are pre-determined or "given" to the model.
InteractionThe interaction among endogenous and exogenous variables is key to the analysis of a model. Endogenous variables in a model are identified based on the pre-determined values of exogenous variables. Should these exogenous variables take on different values, then the endogenous variables also generally take on different values.For example, endogenous price and quantity variables identified in a market model are, in part, based on the exogenous variable--the income of the buyers. Should buyers have more or less income, then their demand is likely to change and so too are price and quantity.
Recommended Citation:VARIABLES, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: November 16, 2025].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time lost in your local discount super center seeking to buy either a large flower pot shaped like a Greek urn or a small palm tree that will fit on your coffee table. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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A scripophilist is one who collects rare stock and bond certificates, usually from extinct companies.
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"Old minds are like old horses; you must exercise them if you wish to keep them in working order. " -- John Adams, 2nd US president
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SEBI
Bombay Stock Exchange (India)
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