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PARETO EFFICIENCY: A type of efficiency that results if one person can not be made better off without making someone else worse off. Named after Vilfredo Pareto, this criterion is the guiding theoretical notion of efficiency used in the study of economics, especially welfare economics. Pareto efficiency is generally not attained if some resources are idle or unemployed. By engaging idle resources in production, some people can have more production without reducing that available to others. A problem with Pareto efficiency, however, is that it is based on the existing distribution of income and wealth. This is one of two noted efficiency criteria used in economics. The other is Kaldor-Hicks efficiency.
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INCREASING MARGINAL RETURNS In the short-run production by a firm, an increase in the variable input results in an increase in the marginal product of the variable input. Increasing marginal returns typically surface when the first few quantities of a variable input are added to a fixed input. This is one of two alternatives for marginal returns. The other is decreasing marginal returns. A related phenomenon for long-run production is increasing returns to scale.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store seeking to buy either a printer that works with your stockpile of ink cartridges or income tax software. Be on the lookout for gnomes hiding in cypress trees.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"Defeat is simply a signal to press onward." -- Helen Keller, lecturer, author
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ATO
At The Opening
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