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TR: The abbreviation for total revenue, which is the revenue received by a firm for the sale of its output. Total revenue is one of two parts a firm needs for the calculation of economic profit, the other is total cost. In general, total revenue is the price received for selling a good times the quantity of the good sold at that price. For a perfectly competitive firm, which receives a single unchanging price for all output sold, the calculation is relatively easy. For other real world firms, that charge different prices to different buyers for different quantities, the calculation can be more complex. Total revenue is very important in the analysis a firm's short-run production decision. Two other revenue measures directly related to total cost are average revenue and marginal revenue. Total revenue is often depicting as the total revenue curve. For a perfectly competitive firm, the total revenue curve is a straight line from the origin. For a monopoly, oligopoly, or monopolistically competitive firm, the total revenue curve is "hump-shaped," increasing at a decreasing rate, reaching a peak, then declining.
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Lesson 1: Economic Basics | Unit 3: The Economy
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Page: 7 of 18
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Because of the scarcity problem, we need a way to divide up what we have. This is accomplished by an economy. An economy is a system of production, distribution, and consumption of resources, goods, and services that addresses the basic economic problem of scarcity and answers the three questions of allocation: What? How? For Whom?
Economies rely on markets and government to perform the allocation task. The allocation processes involves the institutions of: - Markets allocate resources through voluntary choices made by people--buyers and sellers.
- Government allocates resources through involuntary taxes, laws, restrictions, and regulations imposed on these people.
Both are important methods of allocation.
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EXCESS DEMAND A disequilibrium condition in a competitive market in which the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied. Excess demand is another way to say shortage. It also goes by the common term of sellers' market. Excess demand is one of two disequilibrium states of the market. The other is excess supply (or surplus).
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time watching the shopping channel seeking to buy either a turbo-powered vacuum cleaner or a battery-powered, rechargeable vacuum cleaner. Be on the lookout for high interest rates.
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A communal society, a prime component of Karl Marx's communist philosophy, was advocated by the Greek philosophy Plato.
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"Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly and get on with improving your other innovations. " -- Steve Jobs, Apple Computer founder
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WPO
Weakly Pareto Optimal
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