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TAX MULTIPLIER: The ratio of the change in aggregate output (or gross domestic product) to an autonomous change in a taxes. The tax multiplier is equal to the expenditure multiplier times the marginal propensity to consume. This is based on the only a fraction of the change in disposable income resulting from the change in taxes will result in a change in consumption expenditures. The tax multiplier can be used to indicate the change in fiscal policy induced government taxes are needed to achieve a given level of aggregate output (presumably full-employment output).
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Lesson 10: Gross Domestic Product | Unit 2: Looking Behind GDP
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Page: 12 of 25
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GDP is the total MARKET VALUE of current economic production, that is, GDP measures current production at current market prices.- If we measure current economic production, current prices work fine. If we compare GDP from one year to the next year, current prices can be misleading.
- For example... a 10% increase in GDP could result from changes in production, prices, or both. Production could be 10% higher will prices do not change. Or prices could 10% higher while production does not change. Or this could be a mix of changes in production and prices.
- All we know is that GDP has risen by 10%, but it is difficult to know what has happened to physical production.
We need something more, we need real GDP.
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MARGINAL UTILITY-PRICE RATIO The ratio of the marginal utility obtained from consuming a good to the price of the good. This ratio is particularly important in determining consumer equilibrium, which is reached when the marginal utility-price ratios are the same for all goods. Equality between all marginal utility-price ratios is the rule of consumer equilibrium which is satisfied with utility maximization.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling through a department store wanting to buy either a bottle of blackcherry flavored spring water or a travel case for you toothbrush. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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The portion of aggregate output U.S. citizens pay in taxes (30%) is less than the other six leading industrialized nations -- Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, or Japan.
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"Carpe diem! Rejoice while you are alive; enjoy the day; live life to the fullest; make the most of what you have. It is later than you think." -- Horace, Ancient Roman poet
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NELS
National Educational Longitudinal Survey
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