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X-INEFFICIENCY: Cost that is higher than it needs to be because a firm is operating inefficiently. This is most often seen for firms that have a great deal of market control, especially monopoly. The lack of competition allows a business to pad it's expenses, hire unneeded employees (like relatives), goof off instead of working, and all sorts of other things that lessen production and increase cost. The business is not penalized for these actions, because market control allows the company to extract whatever price is needed to cover cost.

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Lesson 18: Banking | Unit 1: What It Is Page: 1 of 24

Topic: Banking <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

The primary profit-motivating task of a bank is to match up borrowers and savers.

Two main functions:

  • First: Banks maintain deposits for costumers.
  • Second: Banks offer loans to credit-worthy customers.

Banks and the money supply:

  • Banks are financial intermediaries.
  • Banks must remain stable because their deposits are part of the economy's money supply.
  • Closing down a bank would be detrimental to the money supply.

Regulation:

  • Banks are heavily regulated by government.

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INCREASING MARGINAL RETURNS

In the short-run production by a firm, an increase in the variable input results in an increase in the marginal product of the variable input. Increasing marginal returns typically surface when the first few quantities of a variable input are added to a fixed input. This is one of two alternatives for marginal returns. The other is decreasing marginal returns. A related phenomenon for long-run production is increasing returns to scale.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store looking to buy either a dozen high trajectory optic orange golf balls or a large red and white striped beach towel. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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The first U.S. fire insurance company was established by Benjamin Franklin in 1752 in Philadelphia.
"Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other. "

-- Benjamin Franklin

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