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DISSAVING: Negative saving during a given period of time in which consumption expenditures exceed disposable income. Dissaving is made possible by spending past or future disposable income on current consumption, that is, using income saved from previous periods or borrowing income to be earned in future periods. Saving is generally illustrated by the vertical difference when between the consumption line and the 45-degree line. Dissaving results when the 45-degree line lies above the consumption line.

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Lesson 20: Federal Reserve System | Unit 4: Monetary Policy Page: 13 of 20

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Expansionary monetary policy increases aggregate demand up to full employment and contractionary monetary policy decreases aggregate demand back to full employment.
  • Expansionary policy increases the money supply and shifts the AD curve rightward. This is used to correct a recessionary gap and achieve long-run equilibrium.
  • Contractionary policy decreases the money supply and shifts the AD curve leftward. This is used to correct an inflationary gap and achieve long-run equilibrium.
  • Note that monetary policy and interest rates are closely connected.

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AVERAGE FACTOR COST

Total factor cost per unit of factor input employed by a firm in the production of output, found by dividing total factor cost by the quantity of factor input. Average factor cost, abbreviated AFC, is generally equal to the factor price. However, using the longer term average factor cost makes it easier to see the connection to related terms, including total factor cost and marginal factor cost.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through mail order catalogs wanting to buy either an instructional DVD on learning to the play the oboe or a small, foam rubber football. Be on the lookout for rusty deck screws.
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A thousand years before metal coins were developed, clay tablet "checks" were used as money by the Babylonians.
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