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KEMP-ROTH ACT: Officially titled the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, this was a cornerstone of economic policy under President Reagan. The three components of this act were: (1) a decrease in individual income taxes, phased in over three years, (2) a decrease in business taxes, primarily through changes in capital depreciation, and (3) the indexing of taxes to inflation, which was implemented in 1985. This act was intended to address the stagflation problems of high unemployment and high inflation that existed during that 1970s and to provide greater incentives for investment. A primary theoretical justification is found in the Laffer curve relation between tax rates and total tax collections.
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Lesson 20: Oligopoly | Unit 4: Analysis
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Page: 19 of 24
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- A handy way to analyze this type of market interdependence is through game theory.
- Game theory is an analysis that illustrates how the choices between two players affect the outcomes of a "game."
- Assume the market has only two firms, OmniCola and Juice-Up.
- Each is thinking about spending $50 million on advertising.
- This table presents alternative outcomes for different advertising choices by OmniCola and Juice-Up:
- If OmniCola and Juice-Up BOTH decide to advertising, then each receives $200 million in profit.
- However, if NEITHER OmniCola or Juice-Up decide to advertising, then each receives $250 million in profit.
- Alternatively, if OmniCola advertises but Juice-Up does not, then OmniCola receives $350 million in profit and Juice-Up receives only $100 in profit.
- But, if Juice-Up advertises and OmniCola does not, then Juice-Up receives $350 million in profit and OmniCola receives only $100 in profit.
- What to do?
- The end result is that both firms decide to advertise.
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AGGREGATE DEMAND AND MARKET DEMAND The aggregate demand curve, or AD curve, has similarities to, but differences from, the standard market demand curve. Both are negatively sloped. Both relate price and quantity. However, the market demand curve is negatively sloped because of the income and substitution effects and the aggregate demand curve is negatively sloped because of the real-balance, interest-rate, and net-export effects.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors wanting to buy either pink cotton balls or a genuine down-filled comforter. Be on the lookout for the last item on a shelf.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Lewis Carroll, the author of Alice in Wonderland, was the pseudonym of Charles Dodgson, an accomplished mathematician and economist.
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"Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly and get on with improving your other innovations. " -- Steve Jobs, Apple Computer founder
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SFE
Sydney Futures Exchange
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