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July 3, 2025 

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WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT: The price or dollar amount that someone is willing to receive or accept to give up a good or service. Willingness to accept is the source of the supply price of a good. However, unlike supply price, in which sellers are on the spot of actually giving up a good to receive payment, willingness to accept does not require an actual exchange. This concept is important to benefit-cost analysis, welfare economics, and efficiency criteria, especially Kaldor-Hicks efficiency. A related concept is willingness to pay.

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Lesson Contents
Unit 1: Measuring Production
  • An Indicator
  • Total Market Value
  • Final Goods and Services
  • Given Year
  • Unit 1 Summary
  • Unit 2: Looking Behind GDP
  • Ins and Outs
  • Past and Future
  • Estimated Value
  • Home Production
  • Illegal Goods
  • GDP
  • Real GDP
  • Unit 2 Summary
  • Unit 3: Two Views of GDP
  • Demand and Supply
  • Expenditures
  • Resources
  • Unit 3 Summary
  • Unit 4: Measuring Income
  • National Income
  • Personal Income
  • IEBNR
  • IRBNE
  • Unit 4 Summary
  • Unit 5: Issues
  • What It Does
  • What It Doesn't Do
  • Unit 5 Summary
  • Course Home
    Gross Domestic Product

    This lesson investigates one of the most noted and important measures of macroeconomic activity -- gross domestic product (GDP). GDP measures the total production of goods and services that, in principle, are available to satisfy consumers wants and needs. We see the ins and outs of the GDP measure. As a bonus, we also get a close look at several related measures of production and income, including net domestic product (NDP), national income (NI), personal income (PI), and disposable income (PI).

    • In the first unit of this lesson, we take a look at the process of measuring gross domestic product, including what, in principle, is being measure.
    • The second unit the turns to a detailed look at what IS included in GDP and what IS NOT included in the GDP based on the difference between market transactions and economic production.
    • With the third unit we take a look at the two views of measuring GDP -- expenditures and resource costs.
    • Moving on to the fourth unit, we get a look at the three related measures of income -- national income, personal income, and disposable income.
    • And finally, the fifth unit considers a few issues related to measuring GDP, including what BDP does measure and what GDP doesn't measure.

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    LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL UTILITY

    A principle stating that as the quantity of a good consumed increases, eventually each additional unit of the good provides less additional utility--that is, marginal utility decreases. Each subsequent unit of a good is valued less than the previous one. The law of diminishing marginal utility helps to explain the negative slope of the demand curve and the law of demand.

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    APLS

    PINK FADFLY
    [What's This?]

    Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time lost in your local discount super center wanting to buy either galvanized steel storage shelves or a large green chalkboard shaped like the state of Maine. Be on the lookout for fairy dust that tastes like salt.
    Your Complete Scope

    This isn't me! What am I?

    The Dow Jones family of stock market price indexes began with a simple average of 11 stock prices in 1884.
    "Far and away the best prize that life has to offer is the chance to work hard at work worth doing."

    -- Theodore Roosevelt, 26th US president

    WAPM
    Weak Axiom of Profit Maximization
    A PEDestrian's Guide
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