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GUILD: In medieval European times, a collection of artisans or merchants in the same occupation or industry, often in a particular location. Guilds were the forerunners of modern craft unions. They typical set quality standards and criteria for entry into the profession. Doing so allowed guilds to limit competition, monopolize their markets, keep prices high, and boost guild member incomes.
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PERFECT COMPETITION, SHUTDOWN: A perfectly competitive firm is presumed to shutdown production and produce no output in the short run, if price is less than average variable cost. This is one of three short-run production alternatives facing a firm. The other two are profit maximization (if price exceeds average total cost) and loss minimization (if price is greater than average variable cost but less than average total cost). See also | perfect competition, profit maximization | perfect competition, loss minimization | perfect competition, short-run supply curve | short-run production alternatives | breakeven output |  Recommended Citation:PERFECT COMPETITION, SHUTDOWN, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: December 2, 2023]. AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia:Additional information on this term can be found at: WEB*pedia: perfect competition, shutdown
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AGGREGATE SUPPLY DECREASE, SHORT-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET A shock to the short-run aggregate market caused by a decrease in aggregate supply, resulting in and illustrated by a leftward shift of the short-run aggregate supply curve. A decrease in aggregate supply in the short-run aggregate market results in an increase in the price level and a decrease in real production. The level of real production resulting from the shock can be greater or less than full-employment real production.
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The average bank teller loses about $250 every year.
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"A ship ought not to be held by one anchor, nor life by a single hope. " -- Epictetus, philosopher
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PPI Producer Price Index
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