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September 27, 2023 

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LERNER INDEX: The difference between price (p) and marginal cost (mc) as a fraction of price, that is [p-mc]/p. The Lerner index is usually taken as an indicator of market power because the larger the index, the larger the difference between price and marginal cost, that is, the larger the distance between the price and the competitive price. The Lerner index depends on the elasticity of demand. The Lerner index is also called the price-cost margin.

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TRADE SURPLUS: Formally termed a balance of trade surplus, a condition in which a nation's exports are greater than imports. In other words, a country is buying less stuff from foreigners than foreigners are buying from domestic producers. A trade surplus is usually thought to be a good thing for a country. However, every country in the world cannot run a trade surplus at the same time. Excessive trade surpluses can also lead to invasion by sizable foreign armies.

     See also | balance of trade | import | export | net exports | foreign sector | trade surplus | trade barrier | exchange rate | devaluation | J curve |


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CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE

A nonpartisan governmental support agency that provides Congress with analyses needed for economic and budget decisions and with the information and estimates required for the Congressional budget process. The Congressional Budget Office was created by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974. It began operating on February 24, 1975. The Congressional Budget Office is composed primarily of economists and public policy analysts. About 70 percent of its professional staff hold advanced degrees in either economics or public policy.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time calling an endless list of 800 numbers hoping to buy either an AC adapter for your CD player or storage boxes for your family photos. Be on the lookout for defective microphones.
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The penny is the only coin minted by the U.S. government in which the "face" on the head looks to the right. All others face left.
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