TROUGH: The transition of a business cycle from a contraction and an expansion. The end of a contraction carries the descriptive term trough. At the trough, the economy has reached the lowest level of production in recent times. The good thing about a trough, however, is that it is a turning point, a turning point to an expansion. So even though a peak is the "lowest" is not necessarily something that's undesirable.

     See also | business cycle | contraction | expansion | recession | peak |

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A diagram illustrating the basic Keynesian theory of macroeconomics, with aggregate expenditures measured on the vertical axis and aggregate production measured on the horizontal axis, with the relation between aggregate expenditures and aggregate production represented by a positively-sloped aggregate expenditures line. The "cross" aspect of this diagram is the intersection between the aggregate expenditures line and a 45-degree line indicating every point of equality between aggregate expenditures and aggregate production. The "Keynesian" aspect of this diagram is derived from John Maynard Keynes, the developer and namesake of Keynesian economics.

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