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ANTIDUMPING DUTY: A tariff levied by an imported country (presumably) being the target of foreign dumping. Since dumping implies selling a good to a foreign country at a price below production cost, the antidumping duty is intended to offset the 'unfair' advantage that the foreign seller obtains by selling below cost. The antidumping duty raises the domestic price of the good to the level that the foreign producer would charged if true costs were considered.
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                           EXPLOITATION: The notion that capital owners and entrepreneurs of the second estate "take advantage" of workers of the third estate by paying them less than their contributions to production. From a purely theoretical perspective, exploitation occurs if labor is paid a wage less, usually substantially less, than its contribution to production. While other inputs can, in principle, be subject to exploitation, concern is primarily directed toward labor because: (1) wages are the primary source of income for many workers and (2) other inputs, in practice, are less likely to encounter exploitation. As such, if anyone is likely to suffer from exploitation, it is someone whose main source of income is wages earned from the sale of labor services.As part of the ongoing battle between the employees of second estate and employers of the third estate, exploitation is a politically charged term. In some circumstances it is bandied about without justification. In other circumstances, the charge is justified. For instance, during the U. S. industrial revolution in the late 1800s and earlier 1900s labor was typically overworked, underpaid, and subject to hazardous working conditions. The labor union movement that emerged in the United States at this time was a direct response to this exploitation. Similar working conditions in England in the early 1800s contributed to Karl Marx's critique of capitalism in his Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital, and which gave ammunition to revolutionaries who brought communist/socialist economic systems to the Soviet Union and China. Monopsony is a handy theoretical model often used to analyze exploitation. In a market with a single buyer of labor services, the price (or wage) paid is less than in a competitive market. Moreover, this price (or wage) is also less than the marginal revenue product (that is, the contribution to production), hence labor is exploited.
Recommended Citation:EXPLOITATION, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: July 10, 2026].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a crowded estate auction wanting to buy either clothing for your pet iguana or a set of hubcaps. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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In his older years, Andrew Carnegie seldom carried money because he was offended by its sight and touch.
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"Lord, where we are wrong, make us willing to change; where we are right, make us easy to live with. " -- Peter Marshall, US Senate chaplain
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SWIFT
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications
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