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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST CURVE: A curve depicting the per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs are variable. The long-run average cost curve (usually abbreviated LRAC) can be derived in two ways. On is to plot long-run average cost, which is, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. at different output levels. The more common method, however, is as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves. Such an envelope is base on identifying the point on each short-run average total cost curve that provides the lowest possible average cost for each quantity of output. The long-run average cost curve is U-shaped, reflecting economies of scale (or increasing returns to scale) when negatively-sloped and diseconomies of scale (or decreasing returns to scale) when positively sloped. The minimum point (or range) on the LRAC curve is the minimum efficient scale.
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                           INTERCEPT, CONSUMPTION LINE: The intercept of the consumption line indicates autonomous consumption, consumption that does not depend on the level of income or production. This can be thought of as the baseline level of consumption that would be undertaken if income falls to zero. Autonomous consumption is affected by the consumption expenditures determinants, which cause a change in the intercept and a shift of the consumption line. The value of the intercept of the saving line is the negative of the value of the intercept of the saving line. | Consumption Line | 
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The consumption line, also termed propensity-to-consume line or consumption function, shows the relation between consumption expenditures and income for the household sector. The income measure commonly used is national income or disposable income. Occasionally a measure of aggregate production, such as gross domestic product, is used instead.A representative consumption line is presented in the exhibit to the right. This red line, labeled C in the exhibit, is positively sloped, indicating that greater levels of income generate greater consumption expenditures by the household sector. This positive relation corresponds to the fundamental psychological law of Keynesian economics. The consumption line graphically illustrates the consumption-income relation for the household sector, which is the foundation of the aggregate expenditures line used in Keynesian economics to identify equilibrium income and production. For reference, a black 45-degree line is also presented in this exhibit. Because this line has a slope of one, it indicates the relative slope of the consumption line. The intercept of the consumption line indicates the intersection point between the consumption line and the vertical consumption axis. The consumption line intersects the vertical axis at a value of $1 trillion. Theoretically, this is a minimum "baseline" level of consumption, the amount of consumption undertaken even if income falls to zero. More to the point, this intersection indicates autonomous consumption--consumption expenditures unrelated to income. Click the [Intercept] button to illustrate. Autonomous consumption is consumption expenditures by the household sector that are unrelated to and unaffected by the level of income or production. This is best indicated by a zero level of income. While individuals occasionally come face-to-face with autonomous consumption, as their incomes drop to zero due to unemployment, for the aggregate economy autonomous consumption is mostly an unlikely theoretical extrapolation. However, from an analytical perspective, the intercept of the consumption line is affected by the consumption expenditures determinants. These are ceteris paribus factors other than income that affect consumption, but which are held constant when the consumption line is constructed. Any change in these determinants cause the consumption line to shift, which necessarily means a new intercept and a new level of autonomous consumption.
Recommended Citation:INTERCEPT, CONSUMPTION LINE, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: October 4, 2023].
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PINK FADFLY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet looking to buy either a pleather CD case or a how-to book on fine dining. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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The first "Black Friday" on record, a friday marked by a major financial catastrophe, occurred on September 24, 1869 -- A FRIDAY -- when an attempted cornering of the gold market induced a financial crises and economy-wide depression.
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"Those who are blessed with the most talent don't necessarily outperform everyone else. It's the people with follow-through who excel. " -- Mary Kay Ash, May Kay Cosmetics founder
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UTP
Unfair Trade Practice
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