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POLICY LAGS: A series of lags between the onset of an economic problem, such as business-cycle contraction, and the full impact of the policy designed to correct the problem, such as expansionary fiscal or monetary policy. Policy lags can take several years and are one of the key arguments against discretionary policies and for reliance on self correction and automatic stabilizers. Policy lags are often divided into inside lags, the time between the shock and the corrective policy, and outside lags, the time between the corrective policy and full impact on the economy.
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                           VOLUNTARY EXCHANGE: The process of willingly trading one valuable commodity (good, service, or resource) for another. The key term is "willingly," which distinguishes voluntary exchanges from involuntary exchanges, such as those created by government taxes. Voluntary exchanges are the foundation of market transactions. Market transactions rely on voluntary exchanges. Buyers voluntarily trade money for a good and sellers voluntary trade a good for money. Neither buyers nor sellers are forced to engage in the exchange. They do so of their own free will.A Voluntary ExchangeSuppose, for example, that Edgar Millbottom, Shady Valley's resident teenage musical connoisseur, has come across a shoebox full of classic 8-track tapes, containing the memorable works of Englebert Humperdink, while rummaging through his attic. Because Edgar's musical tastes run more in the direction of rock groups like Live Headless Squirrels, he is willing and able to part with these 8-track treasures. A few phone calls, a newspaper ad, and some flyers at the mall, produce an interested party, Pollyanna Pumpernickel, who happens to be a die-hard Humperdink fan.Edgar and Pollyanna are prime candidates for a voluntary exchange; a voluntary exchange that is beneficial to both. Edgar gives up his dust-collecting shoebox of Humperdink 8-track tapes and receives a modest monetary payment. His living standard ratchets up a notch or two. Pollyanna also benefits from this exchange. She parts with a modest monetary payment and receives a treasured set of Englebert Humperdink 8-track tapes. Voluntary for BothThis voluntary exchange only happens if BOTH sides are agreeable. Should Edgar develop a liking for Humperdink music and is not willing to part with these items, then the exchange does not happen. If Pollyanna finds other uses for the modest monetary payment, such as repairing the hole in her roof created by an exploding hot water heater, then the exchange does not happen. Unless BOTH sides want the exchange, it does not happen.
Recommended Citation:VOLUNTARY EXCHANGE, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: December 1, 2023].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius seeking to buy either a stretchable, flexible watch band or high-gloss photo paper that works with your printer. Be on the lookout for door-to-door salesmen.
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More money is spent on gardening than on any other hobby.
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"Sometimes our light goes out, but is blown into flame by another human being. Each of us owes deepest thanks to those who have rekindled this light. " -- Albert Schweitzer, missionary physician
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GNP
Gross National Product
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