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MARKET STRUCTURE: The manner in which a market is organized, based largely on the number of firms in the industry. The four basic market structure models are: perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. The primary difference between each is the number of firms on the supply side of a market. Both perfect competition and monopolistic competition have a large number of relatively small firms selling output. Oligopoly has a small number of relatively large firms. And monopoly has a single firm.
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Lesson 8: Market Shocks | Unit 4: Double Shifts
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Page: 14 of 20
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Topic:
More Demand and Less Supply
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Here we have demand increasing (higher income) and supply decreasing (number of sellers declines).- An increase in demand causes an increase in both price and quantity.
- A decrease supply causes price to increase and quantity to decrease.
- The combined effect is an obvious increase in price but a questionable change in quantity.
- At the new equilibrium the quantity is indeterminant.
- If demand shifts relatively more than supply, quantity is greater.
- If demand shifts relatively less than supply, quantity is less.
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MARGINAL UTILITY The additional utility obtained from the consumption or use of an additional unit of a good. It is specified as the change in total utility divided by the change in quantity. Marginal utility indicates what each additional unit of a good is worth to a consumer and provides a theoretical basis for understanding market demand and the law of demand. Marginal utility generally declines with increased consumption of a good, a reflection of the law of diminishing marginal utility.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a garage sale trying to buy either a T-shirt commemorating the second moon landing or a coffee cup commemorating Thor Heyerdahl's Pacific crossing aboard the Kon-Tiki. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Success is more a function of consistent common sense than it is of genius. " -- An Wang, industrialist
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DOJ
Department of Justice (US)
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