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UNPLANNED INVESTMENT: Investment expenditures that the business sector undertakes apart from those they intend to undertake based on expected economic conditions, interest rates, sales, and profitability. Another term for unplanned investment is change in inventories, which result when aggregate expenditures differ from aggregate output. Unplanned investment can be either positive or negative, meaning business inventories can either rise or fall. Should unplanned investment occur, then actual and planned investment differ, aggregate expenditures are not equal to aggregate output, and the macroeconomy is not in equilibrium.
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Lesson 8: Market Shocks | Unit 4: Double Shifts
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Page: 15 of 20
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Topic:
Less Demand and Less Supply
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Here we have demand decreasing (tastes change) and supply decreasing (number of sellers declines).- A decrease in demand causes a decrease in both price and quantity.
- A decrease supply causes price to increase and quantity to decrease.
- The combined effect is an obvious decrease in quantity but a questionable change in price.
- At the new equilibrium the price is indeterminant.
- If both demand and supply curve shift in the same direction, then quantity also changes in that direction, but price is indeterminant.
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ALLOCATION EFFECT A change in the allocation of resources caused by placing taxes on economic activity. By creating disincentives to produce, consume, or exchange, taxes generally alter resource allocations. The allocation effect is typically used when governments seek to discourage the production, consumption, or exchange of particular goods or activities that are deemed undesirable (such as tobacco use or pollution). This is one of two effects of taxation. The other (primary) is the revenue effect, which is the generation of revenue used to finance government operations.
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A half gallon milk jug holds about $50 in pennies.
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"We must be willing to let go of the life we have planned, so as to have the life that is waiting for us. " -- E. M. Forster, writer
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EBC
Electronic Business Communications
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