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INCOME-EXPENDITURE MODEL: A macroeconomic model, which captures the essence of Keynesian economics, is based on the equality between total income generated from gross domestic product and total expenditures on gross domestic product. The cornerstone of the income-expenditure model is the consumption function, which relates household consumption expenditures to income and gives rise to the aggregate expenditure line with the addition of investment, government purchases, and net exports. The intersection between the aggregate expenditure line at the 45-degree identifies equilibrium.
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Lesson 14: Production | Unit 4: Long-Run Production
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Page: 20 of 25
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Topic:
Decreasing Returns To Scale
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- Decreasing returns to scale:
- Decreasing returns to scale result when a given proportional increase in all inputs results in a less than proportional increase in production.
- Two notable reasons why long-run production experiences decreasing returns to scale:
- Management Control
- Fixed External Inputs
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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST The per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs under the control of the firm are variable. In other words, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. Long-run average cost is guided by returns to scale.
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YELLOW CHIPPEROON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a crowded estate auction wanting to buy either a coffee cup commemorating the first day of spring or a printer that works with your stockpile of ink cartridges. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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A U.S. dime has 118 groves around its edge, one fewer than a U.S. quarter.
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"Old age isn't so bad when you consider the alternative. " -- Cato, Roman orator
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OBX
Oslo Stock Exchange (Norway)
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