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IMPORT QUOTA: A limit on the importation of a particular good brought into one country from another country. An import quota, for example, would stipulate something like only X million pounds of swiss cheese can be imported into the United States from Switzerland each year. Such import quotas are a popular type of nontariff barrier imposed by countries throughout the world, competing with tariffs as the number one trade restriction. The general justification for import quotas is to protect domestic firms and industries from unfair competition by foreign companies. While this can be needed, import quotas are frequently used by oligopoly firms, with significant political influence to limit competition and maintain market control.
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Lesson 4: Production Possibilities | Unit 3: The Curve
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Page: 12 of 24
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The slope of the production possibilities frontier is opportunity cost. What does this have to do with it's distinct, convex shape? - The reason is the law of increasing opportunity cost.
- With few calibrators produced, opportunity cost is low and curve is flat.
- With many calibrators produced, opportunity cost is high and slope is steep.
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KINKED-DEMAND CURVE A demand curve with two distinct segments which have different elasticities that join to form a corner or kink. The primary use of the kinked-demand curve is to explain price rigidity in oligopoly. The two segments are: (1) a relatively more elastic segment for price increases and (2) a relatively less elastic segment for price decreases. The relative elasticities of these two segments is based on the interdependent decision-making of oligopolistic firms.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at an auction seeking to buy either storage boxes for your income tax returns or an AC adapter for your CD player. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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A half gallon milk jug holds about $50 in pennies.
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"Plans are only good intentions unless they immediately degenerate into hard work." -- Peter Drucker, management consultant
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FTC
Federal Trade Commission
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