BALANCE OF TRADE DEFICIT: An imbalance in a nation's balance of trade in which the payments for merchandise imports made by the country exceed payments for merchandise exports received by the country. This is also termed an unfavorable balance of trade. It's considered unfavorable because more goods are imported into the country than are exported out, meaning that domestic production is replaced with foriegn production, which then reduces domestic employment and income. A balance of trade deficit is often the source of a balance of payments deficit.

     See also | balance of trade | export | import | circular flow | balance of trade surplus | balance of payments deficit | international trade | foreign trade | domestic | foreign | current account |

BALANCE OF TRADE DEFICIT, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: August 15, 2026].

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The notion that taxes are imposed on society in a fair and equitable way. The two standards of fairness and equity used to evaluate taxes are the benefit principle -- those who benefit from government pay the taxes, and the ability-to-pay principle -- those with the most income pay the taxes. The ability-to-pay principle gives rise to two additional notions of fairness -- horizontal equity (those with equal incomes pay equal taxes) and vertical equity (those with different incomes pay different taxes).

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