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HERFINDAHL INDEX: A measure of concentration of the production in an industry that's calculated as the sum of the squares of market shares for each firm. This is an alternative method of summarizing the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the relative concentration of market power held by the largest firms in the industry. The Herfindahl index gives a better indication of the relative market control of the largest firms than can be found with the four-firm and eight-firm concentration ratios.

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RECESSIONARY GAP: The difference between the equilibrium real production achieved in the short-run aggregate market and full-employment real production the occurs when short-run equilibrium real production is less than full-employment real production. A recessionary gap, also termed a contractionary gap, is associated with a business-cycle contraction. This is one of two alternative output gaps that can occur when short-run production differs from full employment. The other is an inflationary gap.

     See also | short-run aggregate market | short-run equilibrium | macroeconomics | full-employment real production | price level | recession | contraction | business cycle | unemployment | output gaps | inflationary gap |


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RECESSIONARY GAP, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: June 17, 2026].


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PRIVATE SECTOR

The combination of households and businesses into a single group. It is termed the private sector to indicate that decisions are made by private individuals (either consumers or producers) in pursuit of their personal self-interests. The contrasting phrase is public sector, in which decisions are made by governments on behalf of the public.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the downtown area looking to buy either a rechargeable battery for your computer or shoe laces for your snow boots. Be on the lookout for high interest rates.
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Much of the $15 million used by the United States to finance the Louisiana Purchase from France was borrowed from European banks.
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