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ABSTRACTION: Simplifying the complexities of the real world by ignoring (hopefully) unimportant details while doing economic analysis. Abstraction is often criticized because it's, well, it's JUST NOT REALISTIC. However, when done correctly (ignoring things that JUST DON'T MATTER), then the pursuit of knowledge is greatly enhanced by abstraction. For example, when travelling cross country along a high-speed interstate highway, a paper road map is a handy tool. It shows towns and cities along the way, the major intersections, rest stop locations, and other important points of interest. However, it ignores unimportant details. It doesn't realistically show the location of every tree, bush, or blade of grass. Why bother? This information won't enhance your road trip.
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                           ELASTIC: The general relation between two variables in which relatively small changes in one variable (A) cause relatively large changes in another variable (B). Small changes in variable A cause relatively large changes in variable B or the percentage change in variable B is larger than the percentage change in variable A. This characterization of elasticity is most important for the price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply. Elastic is one of two general elasticity relations between two variables. The other is inelastic. An elastic relation between two variables is a very responsive, or stretchable, relation. The elastic relation is most often directed toward demand and supply in terms of the price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply. In this context, demand or supply is said to be elastic if the percentage change in quantity is larger than the percentage change in price. This means that buyers or sellers are responsive to price changes.However, other relations can also be thought of as elastic. For example, demand might be elastic relative to income. In this case, relatively small changes in income can trigger relatively large changes in demand. Demand and SupplyConsider the two sides of the market.- Demand: Elastic demand exists if relatively small changes in price cause relatively large changes in quantity demanded. Elastic demand means that changes in the quantity demanded are relatively responsive to changes in the price. An elastic demand has a coefficient of elasticity greater than one (with the negative value ignored).
- Supply: Elastic supply exists if relatively small changes in price cause relatively large changes in quantity supplied. Elastic supply means that changes in the quantity supplied are relatively responsive to changes in the price. An elastic supply also has a coefficient of elasticity greater than one.
Perfect and RelativeAn elastic relation can fall into one of two categories--perfectly elastic and relatively elastic.- Perfectly Elastic: Perfectly elastic means an infinitesimally small change in price results in an infinitely large change in quantity demanded or supplied. This elasticity alternative exists when the price is fixed, that is, an infinite range of quantities is associated with the same price. This is the extreme, limiting case of elastic. Perfectly elastic demand can occur, in theory, when buyers have the choice among a large number of perfect substitutes-in-consumption. In an analogous way, perfectly elastic supply can occur when producers have the ability to switch resources among a large number of perfect substitutes-in-production.
- Relatively Elastic: Relatively elastic means that relatively small changes in price cause relatively larger changes in quantity. Quantity is very responsive to price, but not infinitely so. The percentage change in quantity is greater than the percentage change in price. Relatively elastic demand occurs when buyers have the choice among a large number of close but not perfect substitutes-in-consumption. In an analogous way, relatively elastic supply occurs when producers have the ability to switch resources among a large number of close but not perfect substitutes-in-production.
Recommended Citation:ELASTIC, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2022. [Accessed: May 25, 2022].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors seeking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your uncle or a T-shirt commemorating the 2000 Presidential election. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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A U.S. dime has 118 groves around its edge, one fewer than a U.S. quarter.
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LRAC
Long Run Average Cost
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