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PREDATORY PRICING: The process in which a firm with market control reduces prices below average total cost with the goal of forcing competitors into bankruptcy. This practice is most commonly undertaken by oligopoly firms seeking to expand their market shares and gain greater market control. Predatory price has been outlawed by antitrust laws, but it can be difficult to prove, and is thus likely exists more than most people think.
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                           INCOME EARNED BUT NOT RECEIVED: The three types of income earned but not received (IEBNR) by the factors of production are Social Security taxes, corporate profits taxes, and undistributed corporate profits. IEBNR is subtracted from national income to calculate personal income. Income earned but not received (IEBNR) is income that factors of production have rightfully "earned" by contributing to the production of gross domestic product. However, because this income is not paid to the factors, it is not income received by the household sector.- Social Security Taxes: Social Security taxes are "contributions" to the Social Security system made by labor. The Social Security system is set up to transfer income earned by labor to the elderly and disabled. In principle, employees "contribute" about 7 percent on the first $60,000 (or so) of their wages (the F.I.C.A. deduction). Employers then match this contribution. In reality, the entire 14 percent is income earned by the employee. Social Security taxes are wages earned, but not received.
- Corporate Profits Taxes: Corporate profits are earned by corporate shareholders through their ownerships of capital, land, and entrepreneurship. Corporate profits taxes are taxes on these corporate profits that are independent of any income taxes paid by individual shareholders. Corporate profits taxes are thus a portion of corporate profits that are not available for dividend payments to the household sector. Corporate profits taxes are profits earned, but not received.
- Undistributed Corporate Profits: Undistributed corporate profits are another portion of the corporate profits that are not paid to the household sector. Commonly termed retained earnings, these are profits that could be paid out as dividends, but are usually retained to finance capital investment projects. Undistributed corporate profits are also profits earned, but not received.
Recommended Citation:INCOME EARNED BUT NOT RECEIVED, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 5, 2024].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club seeking to buy either an AC adapter that won't fry your computer or a case for your designer sunglasses. Be on the lookout for deranged pelicans.
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One of the largest markets for gold in the United States is the manufacturing of class rings.
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"Advice is like snow ‚ the softer it falls, the longer it dwells upon and the deeper it sinks into the mind. " -- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet
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ICCH
International Commodities Clearing House
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