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UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS: The unemployment or resources, especially labor, is one of the more important macroeconomic issues facing economists and government leaders. The two key problems are: personal hardships and lost production. When resources don't produce goods, their owners don't earn income. The loss of income results in less consumption and a lower living standard. If fewer resources are engaged in production, fewer goods and services are produced. A decline in the income, consumption, and production associated with unemployment triggers further declines in income, consumption, and production. Members of society who might escape the direct, immediate personal hardships of unemployment can succumb to the indirect, multiplicative problems of lost production.
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                           INTERCEPT, GOVERNMENT PURCHASES LINE: The intercept of the government purchases line indicates autonomous government purchases, government purchases that do not depend on the level of income or production. This can be thought of as government purchases that the government sector undertakes regardless of the state of the economy. Autonomous government purchases are affected by the government purchases determinants, which cause a change in the intercept and a shift of the government purchases line. | Government Purchases Line | 
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The government purchases line shows the relation between government purchases undertaken by the government sector and aggregate income or production. The income and production measures commonly used are national income and gross domestic product.A representative government purchases line is presented in the exhibit to the right. This red line, labeled G in the exhibit, is positively sloped, indicating that greater levels of income generate greater government purchases by the government sector. This positive relation indicates that the government sector, especially state and local governments, is inclined to use increasing tax revenue generated by an expanding economy for government purchases. The government purchases line graphically illustrates the government purchases-income relation for the government sector, which is then added to the consumption line to derive the aggregate expenditures line used in Keynesian economics to identify equilibrium income and production. The intercept of the government purchases line indicates the intersection point between the government purchases line and the vertical government purchases axis. The government purchases line intersects the vertical axis at a value of $2 trillion. Theoretically, this is a minimum "baseline" level of government purchases, the amount of government purchases undertaken if aggregate income falls to zero. This intersection indicates autonomous government purchases--government purchases unrelated to income. Click the [Intercept] button to illustrate. Autonomous government purchases are government purchases by the government sector that are unrelated to and unaffected by the level of income or production. This is best indicated by a zero level of income. While individual government entities might come face-to-face with autonomous government purchases, as their own slice of aggregate tax revenue drops to zero, for the aggregate economy autonomous government purchases are mostly an unlikely theoretical extrapolation. However, from an analytical perspective, the intercept of the government purchases line is affected by the government purchases determinants. These are ceteris paribus factors other than income that affect government purchases, but which are held constant when the government purchases line is constructed. Any change in these determinants cause the government purchases line to shift, which necessarily means a new intercept and a new level of autonomous government purchases.
Recommended Citation:INTERCEPT, GOVERNMENT PURCHASES LINE, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2021. [Accessed: May 10, 2021].
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale looking to buy either a printer that works with your stockpile of ink cartridges or income tax software. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from former employers.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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