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ADJUSTMENT, LONG-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET: Disequilibrium in the long-run aggregate market induces changes in the price level that restore equilibrium. If the price level is above the long-run equilibrium price level, economy-wide product market surpluses cause the price level to fall. If the price level is below the long-run equilibrium price level, economy-wide product market shortages cause the price level to rise. In both cases long-run equilibrium is restored. Price level changes induce changes in aggregate expenditures but NOT changes in real production. The reason is that long-run aggregate supply is full-employment real production, which is unaffected by the price level.

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Lesson Contents
Unit 1: The Set Up
  • Demand Review
  • Bring On Utility
  • Choices
  • Unit 1 Summary
  • Unit 2: A Simple Choice
  • One Good
  • Demand For A Good
  • Unit 2 Summary
  • Unit 3: Complex Choices
  • Two Goods
  • How Much Of Each?
  • A Short Cut?
  • Income And Prices
  • Rule Of Consumer Equilibrium
  • Unit 3 Summary
  • Unit 4: On To Demand
  • A Generalized Choice
  • A Price Change
  • Marginal Utility Curve
  • Unit 4 Summary
  • Unit 5: Beyond Demand
  • Many Choices
  • Demand Elasticity
  • Market Supply
  • Unit 5 Summary
  • Course Home
    Utility and Demand

    This lesson undertakes a detailed investigation into the decision-making process underlying the purchase of goods and services. Doing so provides a behind-the-scenes examination of market demand, offering an explanation for the inverse relation between demand price and quantity demanded that is the law of demand.

    • The first unit of this lesson, The Set Up, begins with a review of the market demand and consumer demand theory.
    • In the second unit, A Simple Choice, we examine the decision-making process for purchasing a single good.
    • The third unit, Complex Choices, then complicates matters slightly by adding a second good into the decision making mix.
    • The fourth unit, On To Demand, presents the rule of consumer equilibrium that captures the essence of this decision-making process and how it helps explain the law of demand.
    • The fifth unit and final unit, Beyond Demand, explores how consumer demand theory provides insight to noneconomic choices, demand elasticity, and market supply.

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    ADVISORY COUNCILS, FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

    Three support committees that provide feedback to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to assist in its assorted regulatory responsibilities, including Federal Advisory Council, Thrift Institutions Advisory Council, and Consumer Advisory Council. The Federal Advisory Council is a broad ranging council comprise of commercial bankers. The Thrift Institutions Advisory Council is comprised of representatives of thrift institutions. The Consumer Advisory Council is comprised of consumer credit representatives.

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    APLS

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    Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex wanting to buy either an AC adapter that won't fry your computer or a case for your designer sunglasses. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from former employers.
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    During the American Revolution, the price of corn rose 10,000 percent, the price of wheat 14,000 percent, the price of flour 15,000 percent, and the price of beef 33,000 percent.
    "The greatest things ever done on Earth have been done little by little. "

    -- William Jennings Bryan

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