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VOLUNTARY EXCHANGE: The process of willingly trading one item for another. The emphasis here is on "willingly." Voluntary exchanges are the heart and soul of market transactions, and should be contrasted with the "involuntary" exchanges mandated by government taxes, laws, and regulations. While involuntary government-forced exchanges play an important role in a mixed economy, economists really, really like voluntary market exchanges because they promote economic efficiency.
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Lesson 14: Production | Unit 4: Long-Run Production
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Page: 18 of 25
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Topic:
Returns To Scale
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- The key principle guiding long-run production is returns to scale.
- Returns to scale are the changes in production that results when all resources are change proportionally in the long run.
- Firms typically operate in one of three returns to scale alternatives:
- Increasing returns to scale
- Decreasing returns to scale
- Constant returns to scale
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DISEQUILIBRIUM, AGGREGATE MARKET The state of the aggregate market in which real aggregate expenditures are NOT equal to real production, which results in an imbalance that induces a change in the price level, aggregate expenditures, and/or real production. In other words, the opposing forces of aggregate demand (the buyers) and aggregate supply (the sellers) are out of balance. At the existing price level, either the four macroeconomic sectors (household, business, government, and foreign) are unable to purchase all of the real production that they seek or producers are unable to sell all of the real production that they have.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at an auction trying to buy either a solid oak entertainment center or a remote controlled ceiling fan. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
Your Complete Scope
This isn't me! What am I?
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A half gallon milk jug holds about $50 in pennies.
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"Sometimes our light goes out, but is blown into flame by another human being. Each of us owes deepest thanks to those who have rekindled this light. " -- Albert Schweitzer, missionary physician
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MSCI
Morgan Stanley Capital Index
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