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ZERO-BASE BUDGET: A method of budgeting expenditures in which each expenditure is justified on its overall merits rather than being based on the budget for the previous year. A zero-base budget is most often proposed (but seldom implemented) for governments. Governments generally establish budget expenditures based on expenditures for the previous year. If, for example, budget expenditures last year were $100 billion, the requested budget for this year might be set at $110 billion. The existing $100 billion is a "given" and only the extra $10 billion is justified. With a zero-base budget, the entire $110 billion is justified.
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MARGINAL COST AND LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL RETURNS Decreasing then increasing marginal cost, reflected by a U-shaped marginal cost curve, is the result of increasing then decreasing marginal returns. In particular the decreasing marginal returns is caused by the law of diminishing marginal returns. As such, the law of diminishing marginal returns affects not only the short-run production of a firm but also the cost of short-run production. This translates into a positively-sloped supply curve for profit-maximizing competitive firms.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex seeking to buy either a package of 3 by 5 index cards, the ones without lines or a blue mechanical pencil. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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The portrait on the quarter is a more accurate likeness of George Washington than that on the dollar bill.
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"Don't judge each day by the harvest you reap but by the seeds that you plant. " -- Robert Louis Stephenson, writer
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LRAS
Long Run Aggregate Supply
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