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DISCOUNT RATE: The interest rate that the Federal Reserve System charges for loans to banks. To ensure that our nation's banks retain their liquidity and remain in business, the Federal Reserve System stands ready to lend bank reserves on a moment's notice to any bank. The discount rate is the interest rate the Federal Reserve System charges for these loans. Like any interest rate, when it goes up (or down) it discourages (or encourages) borrowing. In principle, the Fed can use the discount rate to control our nation's money supply.

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FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM: THE central bank of the United States. It includes a Board of Governors, 12 District Banks, 25 Branch Banks, and assorted committees. The most important of these committees is the Federal Open Market Committee, which directs monetary policy. The Fed (as many like to call it) was established in 1913 and modified significantly during the Great Depression of the 1930s. It's duties are to maintain the stability of the banking system, regulate banks, and oversee the nation's money supply.

     See also | Board of Governors | Board of Governors, Chairman | Federal Reserve Bank | Federal Reserve District Bank | Federal Reserve Branch Bank | Board of Governors | Federal Open Market Committee | Federal Advisory Council | money supply | monetary policy | bank | monetary aggregate | open market operations | discount rate | reserve requirements | Federal Reserve note | bank reserves | Federal Reserve deposits |


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BOARD OF GOVERNORS, FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

The governing, policy making body of the Federal Reserve System, consisting of 7 members, one of whom serves as the Chairman and another as Vice Chairman. The Board of Governors sets the general course of Federal Reserve policy, including the regulation of the commercial banking system. The 7 Governors also form of the core of the Federal Open Market Committee which is responsible for monetary policy. The Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is one of the most important and powerful positions in the economy.

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