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May 7, 2024 

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AD VALOREM TARIFF: A tax on imports that is specified as a percentage of the value of the good or service being taxed. This is one form of trade barrier that's intended to restrict imports into a country. Unlike nontariff barriers and quotas, which increase prices and thus revenue received by domestic producers, an 'ad valorem tariff' generates revenue for the government. For example: a 15 percent ad valorem tariff on a TV set worth $100 would pay a tariff of $15. One advantage of an ad valorem tariff is that it keeps up with changes in prices (mostly inflation).

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DEMAND SHOCK: A disruption of market equilibrium (that is, a market adjustment) caused by a change in a demand determinant and a shift of the demand curve. A demand shock can take one of two forms--an Demand Increase or a Demand Decrease. An increase in demand is seen as a rightward shift of the demand curve and results in an increase in equilibrium quantity and an increase in equilibrium price. A decrease in demand is a leftward shift of the demand curve and results in a decrease in equilibrium quantity and a decrease in equilibrium price.

     See also | market equilibrium | market adjustment | demand | demand curve | demand price | demand determinant | equilibrium quantity | equilibrium price | equilibrium | income | normal good | inferior good | preferences | other prices | substitute-in-consumption | complement-in-consumption | buyers' expectations | number of buyers | demand decrease | demand increase | supply shock |


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DEMAND SHOCK, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: May 7, 2024].


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CURRENT ACCOUNT, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS

A subset of the balance of payments accounts that tracks the flow of currency and other monetary assets in exchange for trade between one nation and other nations. It includes payments for imports and exports of both goods and services. It also includes monetary gifts or transfer payments to and from other nations. The current account is divided into three categories -- balance on merchandise trade, balance on services, and unilateral transfers. This is one of two primary subsets of the balance of payments. The other is the capital account. A deficit or surplus in the current account is matched by an opposite surplus deficit in the capital account.

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The penny is the only coin minted by the U.S. government in which the "face" on the head looks to the right. All others face left.
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