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LAW OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE: A basic principle that states every nation has a production activity that incurs a lower opportunity cost than that of another nation, which means that trade between the two nations can be beneficial to both if each specializes in the production of a good with lower relative opportunity cost. While this law is fundamental to the study of international trade, it also applies to other activities, especially the specialization and the division of labor.

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MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE: The money function in which money is widely accepted in exchange for goods and services. For an asset to function as a medium of exchange it need to have value in use, but only value in exchange. This is one of four basic functions of money. The other three are measure of value, store of value, and standard of deferred payment. THE primary function of money is to act as THE medium of exchange. People use money to buy and sell goods. Buyers give up money and receive goods and sellers give up goods and receive money. Money makes transactions easier because everyone is willing to trade money for goods and goods for money.

     See also | money | money functions | unit of account | price | unit of account | store of value | standard of deferred payment |


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MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: March 16, 2026].


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SHORT RUN, MICROECONOMICS

In terms of the microeconomic analysis of production and supply, a period of time in which at least one input under the control of a firm used in the production process is variable and at least one input is fixed. In the short run, the variable input is usually labor and the fixed input is capital. The short-run analysis of production reveals the law of diminishing marginal returns and provides an understanding of the upward-sloping supply curve and the law of supply. This is one of four production time periods used in the study of microeconomics. The other three are long run, very long run, and very short run (or market period). The short run is also a time period designation used in the macroeconomic analysis of business cycles.

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