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OSHA: The abbreviation for Occupational Safety and Health Administration, which is an agency of the U. S. Department of Labor, established in 1970, that's charged with regulating workplace safety and job-related worker health. It has the authority to imposed health and safety rules and, much to the displeasure of businesses, inspect workplaces to ensure that the rules are followed. Some (second estate) critics argue of their rules are unneeded, overzealous, and counter-productive. Other (third estate) critics say that their rules are neither stringent enough nor adequately enforced.
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                           FIRST ESTATE: Another term for the government or public sector. This is one of four divisions of society based on economic function. The other three are businesses as the second estate, consumers as the third estate, and journalists as the fourth estate. The notion of dividing society into different "estates" has roots in 18th century France, in which clergy and religious leaders were considered the first estate, royalty and aristocracy were the second estate, and peasants, serfs, and the working class were viewed as the third estate. Inventive journalists extended this classification to include themselves as the fourth estate.The modern estates retain the essence of this division with an update to the realities of the modern economy. Government leaders and politicians, rather than clergy, assume their position in the first estate. Business leaders, rather than royalty, take over rule of the second estate. Rank-and-file consumers and those in the working class make up the third estate. And journalists continue as the fourth estate. In past centuries, the first estate included religious leaders and clergy. In modern times, it includes politicians and government leaders who can exert a great deal of control over resources through the coercive powers of government. One historical function of the first estate is to protect the less powerful consumers, taxpayers, and workers of the third estate from the market control typically held by the business leaders of the second estate. It is not uncommon, however, for an unhealthy degree of cooperation between the first and second estates, which often ends up with the enslavement of the third estate (figuratively and literally). At times help is forthcoming from the watchdog journalist of the fourth estate--unless they too have been overtaken by the first two estates. Consider the case of Victor Thurgood, the honorable Mayor of Shady Valley. Not only is Victor the current Mayor of Shady Valley, duly elected by a majority of voters casting ballots in the most recent election, but at the age of 63 he has never held a nongovernment job. He has been on the Shady Valley city council, served as a state legislator for many years, spent several terms as a member of the U. S. House of Representatives, bounced around as a political appointee to assorted state and federal government agencies, and was most recently Ambassador to the Republic of Northwest Queoldiolia. Moreover, Victor's father, mother, grandfather, uncles, aunts, brothers, sisters, sons, daughters, nieces, and nephews have had similar employment histories. Victor Thurgood is a member of the first estate.
Recommended Citation:FIRST ESTATE, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: November 16, 2025].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching for rummage sales trying to buy either an AC adapter that works with your MPG player or rechargeable batteries. Be on the lookout for celebrities who speak directly to you through your television.
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One of the largest markets for gold in the United States is the manufacturing of class rings.
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"Old minds are like old horses; you must exercise them if you wish to keep them in working order. " -- John Adams, 2nd US president
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ADR
American Depositary Receipt, Asset Depreciation Range
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