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KALDOR-HICKS IMPROVEMENT: Based on the Kaldor-Hicks efficiency criterion, the notion that an action improves efficiency if the willingness to pay of those benefiting exceed the willingness to accept of those harmed. In other words, if those gains exceed those losses, or the benefits exceed the costs, then social welfare is improved and undertaking the action provides a net benefit to society. In other words, the winners can, in principle, compensate the losers for their loss, and still come out ahead. The actual compensation, however, is required. A contrasting condition for attaining efficiency is the Pareto improvement.
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FALLACY OF COMPOSITION: The logical fallacy of arguing that what is true for the parts is also true for the whole. In the study of economics, this takes the form of assuming that what works for parts of the economy, such as households or businesses also works for the aggregate, or macroeconomy. The contrasting fallacy, which you might want to examine next, is the fallacy of division. See also | fallacy | macroeconomics | microeconomics | business | household | fallacy of division | fallacy of false authority | fallacy of false cause | fallacy of mass appeal | fallacy of personal attack | normative economics | positive economics |
Recommended Citation:FALLACY OF COMPOSITION, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: December 14, 2025].
AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia:Additional information on this term can be found at: WEB*pedia: fallacy of composition
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AUTONOMOUS EXPENDITURES Expenditures on aggregate production by the four macroeconomic sectors that do not depend on income or production (especially national income or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in these expenditures. Each of the four aggregate expenditures--consumption, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports--have an autonomous component. Autonomous expenditures are affected by the ceteris paribus aggregate expenditures determinants and are measured by the intercept term of the aggregate expenditures line. The alternative to autonomous expenditures are induced expenditures, expenditures which do depend on income.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors looking to buy either hand lotion, a big bottle of hand lotion or a lighted magnifying glass. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from long-lost relatives.
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The first paper currency used in North America was pasteboard playing cards "temporarily" authorized as money by the colonial governor of French Canada, awaiting "real money" from France.
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"In order to create there must be a dynamic force, and what force is more potent than love." -- Igor Stravinsky, violinist
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