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AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES: A reduction in production cost the results when related firms locate near one another. Firms can be related as competitors in the same industry, by using the same inputs, or through providing output to the same demographic group. The fashion industry, for example, experiences agglomeration economies because they can share specialized inputs (photographers, models) that would be too expensive to employ full time. Retail stores have agglomeration economies when located in shopping malls because they have access to a large group of potential customers with lower advertising cost. Agglomeration economies is given as one of the primary reasons for the emergence of urban areas.
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                           REFERENCE WEEK, CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY: The calendar week (Sunday through Saturday) containing the 12th day of the month, which is used in the Current Population Survey (CPS) as the time period for documenting the employment and labor force status of respondents. The estimation of the unemployment rate and other employment information generated by the CPS are based on activities of survey respondents during this week. The actual survey is conducted by interviewers working for the Bureau of the Census during the calendar week containing the 19th day, which is termed the survey week. In essence, about 1,500 census survey takers set forth bright and early Sunday morning during the survey week to canvas the country side. Over the course of the next seven days, each survey taker conducts a relatively detailed interview with the occupants of about 40 households. The questions that are posed to the occupants inquire about their activities during the previous week, which is the reference week.A complete week is used as the reference period (rather than a month or a day) because a week is long enough to exclude holidays and erratic, random, one-time aberrations, but short enough to give current employment status. It is also an easily defined time period. The survey week immediately follows the reference week to ensure that respondents have an accurate recollection of their employment status. Should too much time pass between the survey week and the reference week, respondents might understandably forget what they did. The reference week always includes the 12th day of the month to maintain consistency, to provide equal reporting periods, and to avoid monthly aberrations. Changing the reference week from month to month, would, at the very least, provide an inconsistent reporting period.
Recommended Citation:REFERENCE WEEK, CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: January 14, 2026].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store wanting to buy either a flower arrangement with anything but tulips for your grandfather or a birthday greeting card for your mother that doesn't look like a greeting card. Be on the lookout for mail order catalogs with hidden messages.
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The standard "debt" notation I.O.U. does not mean "I owe you," but actually stands for "I owe unto..."
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"You don't have to be a fantastic hero to do certain things - to compete. You can be just an ordinary chap, sufficiently motivated to reach challenging goals." -- Sir Edmund Hillary, Explorer
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EFT
Electronic Funds Transfer
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