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NATURAL SELECTION: The notion that firms best suited to the economic environment on the ones that tend to survive. The natural selection of business firms is an adaptation of the biological process of natural selection, in which biological entities best suited to the natural environment are the ones that survive. The notion of natural section suggests that even if firms do NOT actively, consciously pursue the profit-maximization goal, assuming they do is not necessarily unreasonable. Those firms that approximate the goal of profit-maximization, whether intentionally or accidently, are the ones most likely to survive and remain in business.
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                           CURRENT SURPLUS OF GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES: The excess of revenue over cost received by government-operated firms that sell their output through markets and otherwise operate like private, profit-oriented firms. This is one component of the official entry government subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises found in the National Income and Product Accounts maintained by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, that separates national income (the resource cost of production) and gross (and net) domestic product (the market value of production). Government enterprises are productive activities that operate much like private-sector firms. They hire resources and purchase inputs (intermediate goods and raw materials), then produce goods that are sold through markets. In some cases, government enterprises compete directly with private firms.One common example of a government enterprise is a city-operated electrical generation and distribution system. In some cities, this service is provided by private, for-profit, businesses. In other cities it is provided by government. Other examples of government enterprises include urban transportation systems, parks and recreational facilities, and communication systems. The primary difference between private firms and government enterprises, especially in the National Income and Product Accounts, is the treatment of profit. In a private firm, any profit generated (the difference between revenue and cost) is claimed by the owners, or the entrepreneurs. A government enterprise, in contrast, has NO specific owners to claim the profit. In essence the enterprise is owned by ALL citizens. As such, the "profit" of government enterprises is not earned by any specific factor of production. It is not considered part of national income. From a practical standpoint, the excess of revenue over cost for a government enterprise, which is termed "surplus" rather than profit, is merely returned to the appropriate government treasury. Should the city's electric utility "turn a profit" in a given year, this surplus is given back to the city. This is fitting because should the electric utility incur a loss, then the city makes up the difference. In terms of national income, the surplus of government enterprises is important because, unlike private business profit, it is NOT officially earned by any factors of production. Rather than being paid out as national income to any productive factors, this surplus is returned to the government treasuries. It is part of gross domestic product, but not part of national income.
Recommended Citation:CURRENT SURPLUS OF GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2022. [Accessed: May 25, 2022].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors seeking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your uncle or a T-shirt commemorating the 2000 Presidential election. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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Paper money used by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts prior to the U.S. Revolutionary War, which was issued against the dictates of Britain, was designed by patriot and silversmith, Paul Revere.
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"There's a very positive relationship between people's ability to accomplish any task and the time they're willing to spend on it." -- Dr. Joyce Brothers
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ACV
Actual Cash Value
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