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WELFARE ECONOMICS: A branch of economics that studies efficiency and the overall well-being of society based on alternative allocations of scarce resources. Welfare economics extends the microeconomic analysis of indifference curves to society as a whole. It is concerned with broad efficiency questions and criteria (Pareto efficiency and Kaldor-Hicks efficiency) as well as more specific efficiency issues (market failures, externalities, public goods).
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                           MARKET SOCIALISM: A type of economy, or economic system, based on--(1) government, rather than individual, ownership of many resources, especially those like heavy manufacturing, energy reserves, widely used raw materials (lumber, steel), and transportation systems, that are deemed critical to the operation of the economy; (2) answering three questions of allocation with a combination of central planning by government and decentralized decision-making by individual factories and the owners of non-critical resources; (3) the limited use of markets to exchange farm products and retail consumer goods; (4) economic and monetary incentives, such as bonuses, paid to the workers of government-owned facilities to encourage efficiency and increased productivity. Market socialism is a form of socialism that attempts to blend voluntary market exchanges with government oversight and control. It was developed during the late 1960s and early 1970s, primarily by socialist economies in Europe, in an attempt to address the inefficiencies of socialism.Market socialism was designed to augment the government control of a command economy with the efficiency of market exchanges. Market socialism sought to paint the "big picture" of the economy with a moderate degree of central planning, avoid the inefficiency problems of monopoly and market control with government ownership of key industries, and encourage efficient exchanges and resource allocation using markets and decentralized decision-making. Market socialism resides in the middle of the spectrum of economic systems, bounded by a pure market economy on one end and a pure command economy on the other. It is, perhaps more so than other economic systems, a prime example of a mixed economy. Allocation decisions are undertaken by both governments and markets.
Recommended Citation:MARKET SOCIALISM, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: July 8, 2025].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a garage sale trying to buy either a how-to book on home decorating or a set of luggage with wheels. Be on the lookout for empty parking spaces that appear to be near the entrance to a store.
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A communal society, a prime component of Karl Marx's communist philosophy, was advocated by the Greek philosophy Plato.
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"Progress always involves risk. You can't steal second base and keep your foot on first. " -- Frederick B. Wilcox
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AIFT
American Institute for Foreign Trade
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