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EXCESS RESERVES: The amount of bank reserves over and above those that the Federal Reserve System requires a bank to keep. Excess reserves are what banks use to make loans. If a bank has more excess reserves, then it can make more loans. This is a key part of the Fed's ability to control the money supply. Using open market operations, the Fed can add to, or subtract from, the excess reserves held by banks. If the Fed, for example, adds to excess reserves, then banks can make more loans. Banks make these loans by adding to their customers' checking account balances. This is of some importance, because checking account balances are an major part of the economy's money supply. In essence, controlling these excess reserves is the Fed's number one method of "printing" money without actually printing money.
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NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH: A private, nonprofit, nonpartisan organization established in 1920 that promotes research into, and an understanding of, the workings of the economy. In addition to a relative small in-house staff (a few dozen), the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) includes several hundred of the best and the brightest economic professors at major universities as NBER researchers. At last count, a dozen Nobel Prize winners have included the title of NBER researcher on their resumes. The NBER sponsors research on assorted topics, including the development of quantitative economic measures and the analysis of public policies. See also | Conference Board, The | business cycle indicators | leading economic indicators | coincident economic indicators | lagging economic indicators | Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences |
Recommended Citation:NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 6, 2024].
AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia:Additional information on this term can be found at: WEB*pedia: National Bureau of Economic Research
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ECONOMIES OF SCALE Declining long-run average cost that occurs as a firm increases all inputs and expands its scale of production. Economies of scale result from increasing returns to scale and are graphically illustrated by a negatively-sloped long-run average cost curve. Economies of scale usually occur for relatively small levels of production and are then overwhelmed by diseconomies of scale for relatively large production levels. Together, economies of scale and diseconomies of scale create a U-shaped long-run average cost curve.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages looking to buy either a set of luggage without wheels or a how-to book on wine tasting. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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More money is spent on gardening than on any other hobby.
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"You don't have to see the top of the staircase to take the first step.¾ " -- Martin Luther King, civil rights leader
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IRR
Internal Rate of Return
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