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BUSINESS CYCLE: The recurring expansions and contractions of the national economy (usually measured by real gross domestic product). A complete cycle typically lasts from three to five years, but could last ten years or more. It is divided into four phases -- expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. Unemployment inevitably rises during contractions and inflation tends to worsen during expansions. To avoid the inflation and unemployment problems of business cycles, the federal government frequently undertakes various fiscal and monetary policies.
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                           ECONOMIC ANALYSIS: The process of investigating economic phenomena in a systematic manner. In one sense, this is the heart and soul of the economic discipline. While economists spend an ample time identifying economic concepts, the end result of this discovery process is usually aimed at combining these concepts in such a way as to evaluate or analyze alternative consequences. For example, economists seek to understand the notions of demand and supply. But this is not the end result of their analytical quest. They are more interested in analyzing how a change in buyers' income, as a demand determinant, affects the demand for a good like gasoline and subsequently its price. Or how technological improvements, as a supply determinant, affects the supply of a good like computers and subsequently the quantity sold.One important aspect of economic analysis is that it is typically performed "at the margin," meaning that economists are usually more concerned with small, incremental changes than with overall totals. For example, economists are more interested in how many additional computers are sold because of the technological advance than in the total sales of computers. The reason for this "marginal" obsession is that consumers, producers, and other economic decision-makers usually make choices "at the margin." Consumers decide whether or not to buy another hot fudge sundae today (having eaten dozens this year). They do not decide in January how many to purchase for the entire year. They decide each hot fudge sundae purchase one at a time. And so it goes for many economic decisions.
Recommended Citation:ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: September 23, 2023].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing about a thrift store wanting to buy either a travel case for you toothbrush or a looseleaf notebook binder. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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Post WWI induced hyperinflation in German in the early 1900s raised prices by 726 million times from 1918 to 1923.
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