BANK OF THE UNITED STATES: This was actually two central banks that preceded the Federal Reserve System as the nation's monetary authority. The First Bank of the United States, under the design of Alexander Hamilton, commenced operations in 1791, almost immediately after the U.S. Constitution was written and George Washington became the first U.S. President. Its charter was not renewed and it ceased to operate in 1811. Financial instability resulting from the absence of a central bank over the next few years prompted the formation of the Second Bank of the United States in 1816. The Second Bank's performance, however, was somewhat more suspect. When it knocked heads with President Andrew Jackson, a strong critic of central banking, the Second Bank ceased to be in 1836.

     See also | central bank | Federal Reserve System | monetary | conservative | liberal | monetary policy |

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Scientific theories that seek to explain phenomena associated with the macroeconomy. The primary phenomena investigated are unemployment, inflation, and the level of aggregate production. Macroeconomic theories also inevitably provide policy recommendations intended to improve the performance of the economy and to correct macroeconomic problems. A few of the more noted macroeconomic theories are: Classical economics, Keynesian economics, aggregate market (AS-AD) analysis, IS-LM analysis, Monetarism, and New Classical economics.

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