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PREDATORY PRICING: The process in which a firm with market control reduces prices below average total cost with the goal of forcing competitors into bankruptcy. This practice is most commonly undertaken by oligopoly firms seeking to expand their market shares and gain greater market control. Predatory price has been outlawed by antitrust laws, but it can be difficult to prove, and is thus likely exists more than most people think.
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                           EFFICIENT: The state of resource allocation that exists when the highest level of consumer satisfaction is achieved from available resources. This state can be accomplished through markets when the price buyers are willing and able to pay for a good--based on the satisfaction obtained--is equal to the price sellers need to charge for a good--based on the opportunity cost of production. An efficient state of resource allocation means that society is doing the best it can to address the scarcity problem. Available resources are used to achieve the greatest possible satisfaction of wants and needs. The scarcity problem is not eliminated with this state, merely lessened to the greatest possible degree.Efficient MarketsA market exchange achieves an efficient state if the demand price reflects the satisfaction everyone obtains from consuming the good and the supply price reflects all opportunity cost of producing the good, that is, the satisfaction foregone.Market equilibrium, with equality between demand price and supply price, means the satisfaction obtained from the good is equal to the opportunity cost of production. The value (satisfaction) of the good produced is the same as the value (satisfaction) of other goods not produced. Satisfaction cannot be increased by producing more of one good and less of another. InefficientAn inefficient state occurs if the highest level of consumer satisfaction is not achieved from available resources. A market exchange achieves an inefficient state if the demand price does not reflect the satisfaction everyone obtains from consuming the good and/or the supply price does not reflect all opportunity cost of producing the good.Under these circumstances, a market equilibrium equality between demand price and supply price does not achieve an efficient equality between the value (satisfaction) of the good produced and the value (satisfaction) of other goods foregone. Satisfaction can be increased by producing more of one good and less of another.
Recommended Citation:EFFICIENT, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: January 20, 2026].
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PINK FADFLY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing about a thrift store seeking to buy either a desktop calendar with all federal and state holidays highlighted or a half-dozen helium filled balloons. Be on the lookout for pencil sharpeners with an attitude.
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In his older years, Andrew Carnegie seldom carried money because he was offended by its sight and touch.
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"Act well at the moment, and you have performed a good action for all eternity." -- Johann Kaspar Lavater
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CEEC
Council for European Economic Cooperation
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