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FIXED EXCHANGE RATE: An exchange rate that's established at a given level and maintained through government (usually central bank) actions. To fix the exchange rate, a government must be willing to buy and sell currency in the foreign exchange market in whatever amounts are necessary. A fixed exchange rate typically disrupts a nation's balance of trade and balance of payments. If the exchange rate is fixed too low, then a government needs to sell it's currency in the foreign exchange market, and may end up expanding the money supply too much, which then causes inflation. If the exchange rate is fixed too high, then export sales to other countries are curtailed and the economy is likely to slide into a recession.
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                           NET NATIONAL PRODUCT: The total market value of all final goods and services produced by citizens of an economy during a given period of time, usually a year, after adjusting for the depreciation of capital. Net national product (NNP) has the same relation to net domestic product (NDP) as gross national product (GNP) has to gross domestic product (GDP). Net national product also has the same relation to gross national product that net domestic product has to gross domestic product. Like NDP, NNP is a measure of the net production in the economy. The key difference between NNP and NDP is identical to that between GNP and GDP. Net national product measures all output produced by citizens of a nation, regardless of where that production takes place, and net domestic product measures all output produced within the political boundaries of a nation, regardless of the citizenry of those doing the producing. The difference between NNP and NDP is net foreign factor income.In the same way that NDP is derived from GDP by subtracting capital depreciation, specifically the capital consumption adjustment (CCA), NNP is derived from GNP by subtracting the capital consumption adjustment. When GNP gave way to GDP as the primary measure of gross production in the early 1990s, so too did NNP give way to NDP as the primary measure of net production in the economy. NNP can still be derived from the numbers provided by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, but it is seldom if ever reported with other standard measures of production and income.
Recommended Citation:NET NATIONAL PRODUCT, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 6, 2024].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors trying to buy either a computer that can play music and burn CDs or a T-shirt commemorating last Friday (you know why). Be on the lookout for fairy dust that tastes like salt.
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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