|
|
NONBANK PUBLIC: Everyone in the economy except banks and government banking authorities. The nonbank public includes consumers, businesses, and most government entities. The designation of nonbank public is most important for the money supply. In particular, the currency component of the money supply is that held by the nonbank public. This is the currency that his actually in circulation and which can be used to purchase goods and services. Banks and government banking authorities also hold currency. The currency held by bank is termed vault cash. Government banking entities, such as Federal Reserve Banks of the U.S. Treasury Department also hold uncirculated currency in inventory.
Visit the GLOSS*arama
|
|
|
|
                           SELF CORRECTION, AGGREGATE MARKET: The automatic process in which the aggregate market adjusts from short-run equilibrium to long-run equilibrium. Self-correction results through shifts of the short-run aggregate supply curve caused by changes in wages (and other resource prices). The self-correction mechanism acts to close both recessionary gaps and inflationary gaps. The short-run aggregate supply curve increases (shifts rightward) due to lower wages to close a recessionary gap and decreases (shifts leftward) due to higher wages to close an inflationary gap. Short-run equilibrium in the aggregate market is characterized by inflexible or rigid resource prices, especially wages. This creates temporary imbalances in resource markets, especially cyclical unemployment and overemployment of labor. Self-correction is the process in which these temporary imbalances are eliminated through flexible prices (especially changes in wages) and the aggregate market achieves long-run equilibrium. The self-correction adjustment process closes both recessionary gaps (with lower wages) and inflationary gaps (with higher wages).Two Output Gaps| Output Gaps |  | Recessionary Gap |  | Inflationary Gap |  |
The self-correct process closes both recessionary and inflationary gaps. These two output gaps can be illustrated using the graph presented in the exhibit to the right. This graph presents the two aggregate supply curves--long run and short run--but no aggregate demand curve. The vertical curve labeled LRAS is the long-run aggregate supply curve which marks full-employment real production. The positively-sloped curve labeled SRAS is then the short-run aggregate supply curve. The positioning of the aggregate demand curve and the point of intersection with the short-run aggregate supply curve indicates whether the short-run equilibrium generates a recessionary gap or an inflationary gap. - Recessionary Gap: Click the [Recessionary Gap] button to reveal this output gap. With a recessionary gap, short-run equilibrium real production is less than full-employment real production, meaning resource markets have surpluses, and in particular labor is unemployed. The long-run result is lower wages and an increase in short-run aggregate supply.
- Inflationary Gap: Click the [Inflationary Gap] button to reveal this output gap. With an inflationary gap, short-run equilibrium real production is greater than full-employment real production, meaning resource markets have shortages, and in particular labor is overemployed. The long-run result is higher wages and a decrease in short-run aggregate supply.
Closing A Recessionary GapTo see how self-correction closes a recessionary gap, consider the recessionary gap presented in the exhibit to the right. This graph reveals a short-run equilibrium that lies to the left of the LRAS curve and which is less than full employment real production. This particular recessionary gap is, in all likelihood, the result of a decrease in aggregate demand and a leftward shift of the AD curve. A recessionary gap persists in the short run because inflexible wages and resource prices do not decline enough to eliminate unemployment and achieve equilibrium in the labor and resource markets.However, in the long run, wages and resource prices ARE flexible and they DO decline enough to eliminate imbalances in the resource markets. The result of declining wages (and other resource prices) is a reduction in production cost. A decrease in production cost causes an increase in short-run aggregate supply, or a rightward shift of the SRAS curve. Click the [Lower Wages] button to demonstrate. Note that the SRAS curve shifts rightward until it intersects BOTH the LRAS and AD curves at full-employment real production, which is long-run equilibrium. In particular, the new long-run equilibrium is at the full-employment level of real production. The SRAS curve absolutely MUST shift until this long-run equilibrium is reached. If the aggregate market does NOT reach long-run equilibrium, resource market imbalances persist, resource prices and production cost decline further, and the SRAS curve shifts more. However, once long-run equilibrium is reached, resource market imbalances are eliminated, resource prices and production cost do not change, and the SRAS curve does not shift any further. Closing An Inflationary GapTo see how self-correction closes an inflationary gap, consider the inflationary gap presented in the exhibit to the right. This graph reveals a short-run equilibrium that lies to the right of the LRAS curve and which is greater than full employment real production. This particular inflationary gap is, in all likelihood, the result of an increase in aggregate demand and a rightward shift of the AD curve. An inflationary gap persists in the short run due to a reduction in frictional and structural unemployment and imbalances in real resource prices that allow overemployment and prevent equilibrium in the labor and resource markets.However, in the long run, rising wages and resource prices allow employment to return to its natural, full-employment level and eliminate imbalances in real resource prices. The result of rising wages and resource prices is rising production cost. An increase in production cost causes a decrease in short-run aggregate supply, or a leftward shift of the SRAS curve. Click the [Higher Wages] button to demonstrate. Note that the SRAS curve shifts leftward until it intersects BOTH the LRAS and AD curves at full-employment real production, which is long-run equilibrium. In particular, the new long-run equilibrium is at the full-employment level of real production. The SRAS curve absolutely MUST shift until this long-run equilibrium is reached. If the aggregate market does NOT reach long-run equilibrium, resource market imbalances persist, resource prices and production cost rise further, and the SRAS curve shifts more. However, once long-run equilibrium is reached, resource market imbalances are eliminated, resource prices and production cost do not change, and the SRAS curve does not shift any further.
Recommended Citation:SELF CORRECTION, AGGREGATE MARKET, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2021. [Accessed: January 24, 2021].
Check Out These Related Terms... | | | | | | | |
Or For A Little Background... | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
And For Further Study... | | | | | |
Search Again?
Back to the WEB*pedia
|
|
|
BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at the confiscated property police auction looking to buy either storage boxes for your summer clothes or 500 feet of coaxial cable. Be on the lookout for broken fingernail clippers.
Your Complete Scope
This isn't me! What am I?
|
|
|
Woodrow Wilson's portrait adorned the $100,000 bill that was removed from circulation in 1929. Woodrow Wilson was removed from circulation in 1924.
|
|
|
"Wherever you go, no matter what the weather, always bring your own sunshine." -- Anthony J. D'Angelo
|
|
GMM
Generalized Method of Moments
|
|
|
Tell us what you think about AmosWEB. Like what you see? Have suggestions for improvements? Let us know. Click the User Feedback link.
User Feedback
|
|
