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VALUE-ADDED TAX: A tax on the extra value added during each stage in the production of a good. Most of the stuff our economy produces goes through several "stages," usually with different businesses. In each stage, resources do their thing to the good to make it a little more valuable. For example, an ice cream store can take 50 cents worth of ice cream, fudge, and whipped topping and turn it into a hot fudge sundae that's valued at $1.50. The efforts of the ice cream resources thus add $1 in value. A value-added tax is based on this extra value. While it's been debated off and on in the United States, a value-added tax is commonly used in Europe.
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PIGOUVIAN TAX: A tax on an external cost, such as pollution, designed to use market forces to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. A. C. Pigou, one of the first economists to study the market failure of externalities, is credited with developing this tax system for internalizing costs external to the market. An external cost caused by pollution, for example, can be internalized if polluters pay a tax equal to the value of the external cost. See also | tax | externality | pollution | market failure | efficiency | market | demand curve | supply curve | materials balance | recycling | regulation | Coase theorem | command and control | pollution rights market |
Recommended Citation:PIGOUVIAN TAX, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: December 2, 2023].
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DEMAND AND SUPPLY INCREASE A simultaneous increase in the willingness and ability of buyers to purchase a good at the existing price, illustrated by a rightward shift of the demand curve, and an increase in the willingness and ability of sellers to sell a good at the existing price, illustrated by a rightward shift of the supply curve. When combined, both shifts result in an increase in equilibrium quantity and an indeterminant change in equilibrium price.
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Lombard Street is London's equivalent of New York's Wall Street.
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"A ship ought not to be held by one anchor, nor life by a single hope. " -- Epictetus, philosopher
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ASX
Australian Stock Exchange
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