PIGOUVIAN TAX: A tax on an external cost, such as pollution, designed to use market forces to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. A. C. Pigou, one of the first economists to study the market failure of externalities, is credited with developing this tax system for internalizing costs external to the market. An external cost caused by pollution, for example, can be internalized if polluters pay a tax equal to the value of the external cost.

     See also | tax | externality | pollution | market failure | efficiency | market | demand curve | supply curve | materials balance | recycling | regulation | Coase theorem | command and control | pollution rights market |

PIGOUVIAN TAX, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: April 8, 2025].

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Household consumption expenditures that do not depend on income or production (especially disposable income, national income, or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in consumption. Autonomous consumption is best thought of as a baseline or minimum level of consumption that the household sector undertakes in the unlikely event that income falls to zero. It is measured by the intercept term of the consumption function or the consumption line. The alternative to autonomous consumption is induced consumption, which does depend on income.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market wanting to buy either decorative celebrity figurines or a flower arrangement with anything but tulips for your grandfather. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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