GOOD TYPES: We can identify four different types of goods based on two key characteristics -- rival consumption and excludability. Private that are rival in consumption and easily subject to the exclusion of nonpayers. Public goods that are nonrival in consumption and the exclusion of nonpayers is virtually impossible. Near-public goods that are nonrival in consumption and easily subject to the exclusion. Common-property goods that are rival in consumption and not easily subject to the exclusion.

     See also | rival consumption | excludability | government functions | private good | public good | near-public good | common-property good | regulation | taxes | pollution | market |

GOOD TYPES, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: July 15, 2025].

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An actual outlay or expenses incurred in the production of a good that shows up in a firm's accounting statements and records. Accounting cost is an explicit payment (that is, money changing hands) incurred by a firm. Accounting cost, while very important to accountants, company CEOs, shareholders, and the Internal Revenue Service, is only minimally important to economists. The reason is that economists are more interested in economic cost (also called opportunity cost), which is the value of foregone production.

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