BALANCE OF TRADE: The difference between funds received by a country when exporting merchandise and the funds paid for importing merchandise. The balance of trade is a major part of the current accounts portion of the balance of payments. A balance of trade surplus results if exports exceed imports, commonly termed a favorable balance of trade, and a balance of trade deficit exists if imports exceed exports, analogously termed an unfavorable balance of trade. The "favorable" and "unfavorable" normative connotations attached to the balance of trade rests with the presumption that a nation is "better off" when it exports more than it imports, which is not necessarily true.

     See also | foreign trade | export | import | current account | balance of payments | balance of trade surplus | balance of trade deficit | favorable balance of trade | unfavorable balance of trade | normative economics |

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Non-consumption uses of aggregate income. The three uses of income grouped under the heading of leakages are saving, taxes, and imports. Leakages subtract from the core circular flow containing consumption, production, and income. The injections-leakages model is a Keynesian economics analysis that combines leakages with injections (investment expenditures, government purchases and exports) to identify the equilibrium level of aggregate production and income.

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