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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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FISCAL YEAR: The 12-month period government uses for collecting taxes, appropriating spending, and otherwise tabulating its budget. A government's fiscal year need not be identical to the standard January to December calendar year. The fiscal year used by the U.S. Federal government, for example, runs from October through September. State and local governments often have fiscal years running from July through June. For most governments, the fiscal year is self-contained spending period. The revenue appropriated to a government agency needs to be spent during the fiscal year. See also | fiscal | fiscal policy | government | fiscal budget |
Recommended Citation:FISCAL YEAR, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: April 25, 2024].
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WAGES, AGGREGATE SUPPLY DETERMINANT One of several specific aggregate supply determinants assumed constant when the short-run aggregate supply curve is constructed, and that shifts the short-run aggregate supply curve when it changes. An increase in the wages causes a decrease (leftward shift) of the short-run aggregate supply curve. A decrease in the wages causes an increase (rightward shift) of the short-run aggregate supply curve. Other notable aggregate supply determinants include the technology, energy prices, and the capital stock. Wages are an example of a resource price aggregate supply determinant.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time going from convenience store to convenience store hoping to buy either blue cotton balls or a genuine down-filled pillow. Be on the lookout for celebrities who speak directly to you through your television.
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In the early 1900s around 300 automobile companies operated in the United States.
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"Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly and get on with improving your other innovations. " -- Steve Jobs, Apple Computer founder
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WPO
Weakly Pareto Optimal
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