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LONG-RUN TOTAL COST: The opportunity cost incurred by all of the factors of production used in the long run (when all inputs are variable) by a firm to produce of a good or service, including wages paid to labor, rent paid for the land, interest paid to capital owners, and a normal profit paid to entrepreneurs. Unlike short-run total cost, long-run total cost can not be separated into fixed cost and variable cost. In the long run, all inputs are variable, so all cost is variable.
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PREFERENCES: One of the five demand determinants assumed constant when a demand curve is constructed, and that shift the demand curve when they change. The other four are income, other prices, buyers' expectations, and number of buyers. This determinant comes directly form the WILLINGNESS aspect of demand. Before you can have a demand for a good, you must be willing to have the good, you must have a preference for it. In general, if buyers have a greater preference for a good, then they buy more of the good. See also | demand | demand curve | demand determinants | income, demand determinant | other prices | buyers' expectations | number of buyers | demand shock | demand increase | demand decrease | second rule of subjectivity | advertising | information | satisfaction | wants and needs |
Recommended Citation:PREFERENCES, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2018. [Accessed: December 16, 2018].
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OLIGOPOLY, CONCENTRATION Oligopoly is a market structure that contains a small number of relatively large firms, meaning oligopoly markets tend to be concentrated. A small number of large firms account for a majority of total output. Concentration unto itself is not necessarily bad, but it often leads to inefficient behavior, such as collusion and nonprice competition. Concentration is measured in three ways--market share, concentration ratio, Herfindahl index.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites wanting to buy either pink cotton balls or a genuine down-filled comforter. Be on the lookout for slightly overweight pizza delivery guys.
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Two and a half gallons of oil are needed to produce one automobile tire.
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"If things are not going well with you, begin your effort at correcting the situation by carefully examining the service you are rendering, and especially the spirit in which you are rendering it." -- Roger Babson, statistician and columnist
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CIFE
Cost, Insurance, Freight and Exchange
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