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HERFINDAHL-HIRSHMAN INDEX: A measure of concentration of the production in an industry that's calculated as the sum of the squares of market shares for each firm. This is an alternative method of summarizing the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the relative concentration of market power held by the largest firms in the industry. The Herfindahl index gives a better indication of the relative market control of the largest firms than can be found with the four-firm and eight-firm concentration ratios.
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TRUST: An organizational structure that gives control over several business firms, usually in the same industry, to a single board of trustees with the purpose of monopolizing a market. This type of trust was outlawed by antitrust laws, especially the Sherman Act, passed in the late 1800s and early 1900s. The Standard Oil Trust, controlled by J. D. Rockefeller and dismantled through the Sherman Act, is perhaps the most famous monopoly trust. The use of a trust to establish a monopoly is really just an extension of the common, and legal, notion of trust, in which one person controls the assets legally owned by another. Legal trusts are frequently established for the assets or wealth owned by children. Parents then control this wealth until the children reach a give age (usually 21 years old). See also | monopoly | antitrust | antitrust laws | Sherman Act | Clayton Act | Federal Trade Commission Act | collusion | merger |
Recommended Citation:TRUST, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: December 5, 2024].
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ACCOUNTING PROFIT The difference between the revenue received by a firm and the explicit accounting cost incurred. This is the profit listed on a firm's balance sheet, appears periodically in the financial sector of the newspaper, and is reported to the Internal Revenue Service for tax purposes. While accounting profit is the "standard" designation of profit used in the business world, economists prefer to use economic profit
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"Every man must decide whether he will walk in the light of creative altruism or in the darkness of destructive selfishness." -- Martin Luther King, Jr., clergyman
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MU
Marginal Utility
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