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X: The standard abbreviation for exports produced by the foreign sector and purchased by the domestic economy, especially when used in the study of macroeconomics. This abbreviation is most often seen in the aggregate expenditure equation, AE = C + I + G + (X - M), where C, I, G, and (X - M) represent expenditures by the four macroeconomic sectors, household, business, government, and foreign. The United States, for example, sells a lot of the stuff produced within our boundaries to other countries, including wheat, beef, cars, furniture, and, well, almost every variety of product you care to name.

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CONSUMPTION LINE: A graphical depiction of the relation between household consumption expenditures and household disposable income that forms one of the key building blocks for Keynesian economics. The slope of this line is positive, greater than zero, less than one, and goes by the name marginal propensity to consume. The vertical intercept of the consumption line is autonomous consumption. The aggregate expenditures line used in the Keynesian cross is obtained by adding investment, government purchases, and net exports to the consumption line. Because saving is the difference between disposable income and consumption, the saving line is a complementary relation to the consumption line.

     See also | consumption function | Keynesian economics | consumption expenditures | disposable income | marginal propensity to consume | aggregate expenditures | aggregate expenditures line | Keynesian cross | induced consumption | autonomous consumption |


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MACROECONOMIC SECTORS

The four aggregate sectors of the macroeconomy--household, business, government, and foreign--that reflect four key macroeconomic functions and are responsible for four expenditures on gross domestic product. These four sectors are the primary "actors" on the macroeconomic stage. Macroeconomic theories then explain macroeconomic phenomena by exploring the interaction among these four sectors.

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