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CAPACITY UTILIZATION RATE: The ratio of actual production by business sector factories and other productive establishments in the economy to the potential production of these establishments. This rate indicates if our economy's factories are being used as effectively and as fully as possible. Like the unemployment rate, the capacity utilization rate measures how close our economy is to full employment. And like unemployment, this rate moves up and down over the course of a business cycle. During expansions, the rate is near 85 percent (considered full employment), and during contractions, it tends to be in the 70 percent range. In addition to an overall rate, there are also separate rates for manufacturing, mining, and utility industries.
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PAYMENT FLOW In the circular flow, the transfer of money in payment in exchange for the counter-clockwise physical flow of goods and services. The payment flow is the monetary payment for goods and services received by the household sector from the business sector through product markets and the monetary payment for resource services obtained by the business sector from the household sector through resource markets. The payment flow is usually illustrated as a clockwise flow for a model with the product markets at the top, resource markets at the bottom, household sector at the left, and business sector at the left. The physical flow moves in the opposite direction.
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Before 1933, the U.S. dime was legal as payment only in transactions of $10 or less.
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"The vacuum created by failure to communicate will quickly be filled with rumor, misrepresentations, drivel and poison. " -- C. Northcote Parkinson, historian
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LIBOR
london Inter-Bank Offered Rate
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