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FISCAL POLICY: Use of the federal government's powers of spending and taxation to stabilize the business cycle. If the economy is mired in a recession, then the appropriate fiscal policy is to increase spending or reduce taxes--termed expansionary policy. During periods of high inflation, the opposite actions are needed--contractionary policy. The consequences of fiscal policy are typically observed in terms of the federal deficit.
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HARD CURRENCY: Historically money that is in the form of precious metals, especially gold. In modern times, any national currency that is expected to retain its value (and even appreciate in value), and is readily acceptable for most international transactions. The U.S. dollar, German marc, and Swiss franc tend to be near the top of the list of hard currencies (also termed hard money). See also | money | currency | gold standard | Special Drawing Rights | appreciation | exchange rate | foreign exchange | International Monetary Fund | balance of payments |
Recommended Citation:HARD CURRENCY, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2019. [Accessed: November 12, 2019].
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GOLDSMITH MONEY CREATION An illustration of the basic money creation process undertaken by banks using the hypothetical activities of a hypothetical goldsmith. The goldsmith profession of Medieval Europe provides insight into the modern banking business, including the seemingly magical ability of banks to create valuable money out of inputs with significantly less value.
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WHITE GULLIBON
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store trying to buy either a genuine down-filled snow parka or throw pillows for your living room sofa. Be on the lookout for cardboard boxes.
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Post WWI induced hyperinflation in German in the early 1900s raised prices by 726 million times from 1918 to 1923.
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"The art of leadership is saying no, not yes. It is very easy to say yes. " -- Tony Blair, British prime minister
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JPUBE
Journal of Public Economics
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